Studying in France: Opportunities and Challenges at Universities for International Students
While some countries make studying abroad difficult through restrictive visa policies and limited English-taught programs, France offers a welcoming environment for international students. Tuition is affordable, averaging €2,895 for a Bachelor’s and €3,941 for a Master’s degree (Campus France Data). According to Le Monde, the current French administration considers international students as key sources of political, scientific, and economic soft power, contributing €1.35 billion annually to the French Economy. Despite occasional debates over immigration policies, France is becoming a popular destination for international students. Thus, for students and counselors, understanding both the opportunities and challenges is essential for navigating France’s higher education system. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the French public higher education system, which is generally very affordable for international students.
Use the interactive tool below to learn more about English-taught programs in France.
France’s system offers multiple pathways, with public universities and private institutions complementing each other. Public universities are open to all students holding a high school diploma (baccalauréat) and charge relatively low tuition fees due to state subsidies. Private universities, however, set their own fees and can be significantly higher, often ranging from €5,000 to €20,000 per year depending on the program and institution. A distinctive feature is the Grandes Écoles, elite institutions outside the traditional university framework, where admission is highly competitive and often requires two years of preparatory classes (classes préparatoires) followed by rigorous entrance exams.
Public Universities Admission:
American applicants usually do not need SAT or AP scores for French public universities. Non-EU/EEA/Swiss students must submit a Dossier blanc through the Demande d'Admission Préalable (DAP) to apply for a bachelor’s degree. The DAP does not require SAT or AP scores, though some universities may request them, so check each school’s requirements.
A valid U.S. high school diploma (or equivalent) with strong academic transcripts
Proof of French proficiency (B2 level) for French-taught programs, or proof of English proficiency (TOEFL, IELTS) for English-taught programs
International students usually apply to French universities through Campus France’s “Études en France” platform. Each university sets its own admission criteria—especially for selective programs—and there is no centralized recognition system like Germany’s Anabin. Applications generally require transcripts, a high school diploma, language certificates, a motivation letter, and a CV.
Supporting documents such as a motivation letter, CV, and sometimes recommendation letters
In short, American students apply through Campus France (Études en France), and while SAT or AP scores may strengthen an application, they are not required.
Grandes Écoles (Direct Admission)
Admission to a Grande École for a bachelor's or master's degree is a separate, highly selective process. The "Prépa" is the traditional two-year preparatory path for French students, but international students can often apply directly through competitive selection.
A valid U.S. high school diploma (for bachelor's) or bachelor's degree (for master's) with an outstanding academic record. Specific emphasis is placed on advanced mathematics and science courses for engineering schools, and quantitative skills for business schools.
Standardized Tests: Many Grandes Écoles, especially business schools, require or strongly recommend SAT/ACT or AP scores for bachelor's programs. For master's programs, the GMAT or GRE is often required.
Proof of language proficiency: TOEFL/IELTS for English-taught programs; TCF/DELF (B2/C1) for French-taught programs.
Supporting documents such as a detailed motivation letter, CV, and letters of recommendation are mandatory. Interviews are a common part of the selection process.
Private Universities & Schools (écoles de commerce)
For American applicants, the process for private institutions is different from public universities:
Standardized Tests: SAT/ACT scores are often required or strongly recommended to apply.
Application Process: You apply directly to each school through their own website, not primarily through Campus France.
Holistic Review: Admissions consider your entire profile: grades, test scores, motivation letters, recommendations, and sometimes an interview.
Opportunities for International Students Who Are Passionate About the French Language
Check out my conversation with a student in Paris
Studying in France offers international students a unique combination of academic, cultural, and linguistic opportunities. Students can immerse themselves in the French language and culture, enjoy affordable living through accessible housing and university dining halls, and explore the city’s vibrant arts, history, and social scene.
Check out my campus visit in Paris
During my visits to Paris, I was struck by how charming and lively the city feels. Its streets are full of historic architecture, cozy cafés, and cultural landmarks, giving a sense of both history and modern life—that part of Emily in Paris is true! For students, Paris can be surprisingly affordable if you know where to look—modest student accommodations are available, and university dining halls offer meals at very low prices (€3–€5 per meal), making daily life manageable even on a tight budget.
One of the highlights of living in Paris as a student is the full immersion in French language and culture. The French rarely speak English, so daily life constantly pushes you to practice French, whether at the market, in cafés, or interacting with local residents. This immersive environment accelerates language learning and provides a deeper understanding of French customs, social etiquette, and the country’s rich artistic and intellectual traditions.
Beyond language, the city encourages students to explore its cultural diversity. Paris and other French metropolises are true melting pots, with citizens from all over the world bringing different lifestyles and perspectives. For adventurous students, this multicultural environment is an exciting way to grow personally while studying. In France, studying is not just about academics—it’s a full cultural and personal experience, combining learning, social life, and immersion in the real world.
Challenges Living and Studying in France
Studying in France comes with several unique challenges that international students should be aware of. One major hurdle is language—most French people speak little to no English, so you will need to communicate, study, and navigate daily life in French, which can be intimidating at first. Even in academic settings, lectures or administrative interactions may be in French, requiring strong language skills.
Culturally, the French can be more reserved or introverted compared to what some students are used to. This means that building friendships and social networks often requires initiative—you have to reach out actively rather than expecting others to approach you. Unlike some cultures where social interaction is casual, French relationships take time to develop.
Living independently is another challenge, especially for first-time students abroad. Managing housing, groceries, cooking, bills, and budgeting can be overwhelming, particularly in expensive cities like Paris. While student accommodations exist, you often have to hunt for affordable options and deal with rental bureaucracy.
Last but not least: Academically, support can be limited. Unlike some systems that provide personal advisors or structured mentoring, French universities may offer minimal guidance, so students must be highly self-motivated and proactive in seeking help, registering for courses, or navigating administrative procedures.
Finally, adapting to the French lifestyle and social norms—such as punctuality, bureaucracy, or different teaching styles—can also be a challenge. Students need to be flexible, patient, and resilient to make the most of their experience.
